Mycoplasma pneumoniae Essay - 677 Words

Mycoplasma pneumoniae Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is unique because of its small genome and physical size. The bacterium contains only 500-2300 Kba in its genome that produces about 700 different proteins. Its reduced genome has been clearly mapped. M. pneumoniae size range from 0.2 to 0.8 micrometer and are capable of passing through most filters designed to remove bacteria. The bacterium is the smallest living organism capable of replicating itself. The bacterium lacks a cell wall but has a three layered cell membrane with sterols. It can take on any shape from cocci to filamentous. An agar plates the colonies have a specific fried egg look. It lives mainly as a parasite in humans where it can maintain its osmotic balance†¦show more content†¦There were 2 million cases in the US with 100,000 requiring hospitalization. The mortality rate is very low with only occasional fatalities among the elderly and sickle cell anemia persons. Virulence: The bacterium evolved by loosing its genes converting it from a free-living microbe into a pathogen. It needs the host’s nutrients in order to survive. The bacterium latches itself onto the host epithelial cells by a 160 kDa type 1 pilli. The pilli, located on a specific organelle on the polar region of the bacterium, attaches to the sialic residues that are present on epithelial cells. It then begins to colonize creating a cascade of problems to the host. M. pneumoniae stops the cilliary movement and produces hydrogen peroxides and superoxides as metabolic waste that kill the epithelial and neighboring cells. The inactive cilia of the epithelium cells produce non-productive coughs, fever and sore throat. It also causes an immune repose monopolizing the immune systems but through antigenic variations it capable of avoiding being phagocytized. By monopolizing the immune system the pathogen is capable of making the host susceptible to other pathogens. Other virulence factors inc lude its ability to deplete nearby cells of nutrients. Treatment: The antibiotic usually given is tetracycline and erythromycin. Penicillins are useless because the bacterium lacks a cell wall. The body’s own immune systems will eventually take care of theShow MoreRelatedPharmaceutical Care Plan - Cap1171 Words   |  5 Pagesand 14%. It is the sixth leading cause of death, and the leading infectious cause of death (Maimon, Nopmaneejumruslers and Marras, 2008). The group of most likely causative bacteria in includes Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, and Chlamydophila pneumoniae. This essay will appraise the treatment of CAP in an elderly patientwhose care plan can be found in Appendix 1. For the purpose of this essay we will discuss the severity assessment criteria, choice and effectivenessRead MoreMycoplasma Pneumonia Essay825 Words   |  4 PagesMycoplasma Pneumonia is the most common pneumonia ranging in older kids and younger adults. This type of lung infection goes by many different names such as Walking Pneumonia, Eaton Agent Pneumonia and Primary Atypical Pneumonia. Mycoplasma Pneumoniae is one of the smallest living organisms that can reproduce outside of a cell but, prefers to have a host and to be parasitic. Mycoplasma pneumoniae likes to party in the late summer and early fall especially in communities but is still found in theRead MorePneumoni A Serious Infectious Disease1229 Words   |  5 Pagesbacterial pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)† (Pneumonia Can Be Prevented). 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Respiratory viruses are the most common causes of pneumonia in young children, peaking between the ages of 2 and 3. By school age, the bacterium Mycoplasma Pneumoniae becomes more common. In some people, particularly the elderly and those who are debilitated, bacterial pneumonia may follow influenza or even a common cold. PeopleRead MoreThe Is The Integrated Pattern Of Human Behavior, Culture, Race, Ethnicity, And Culture922 Words   |  4 Pagesthe age of 16 and continued to have them right up until she died. When she died, her mother, which is my great grandmother, stepped up in her children life. My grandmother, Patricia died of mycoplasma pneumonia and heart failure. According to Braun, Wagner, Huttner, and Schmid (2006), â€Å"Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the most common known bacterial pathogens of the respiratory tract, especially in patients between 5 and 30 years of age (p. 371).† This disease caused her to die at age 35 in November